There are two main ways to get to Machu Picchu. You can take a train from Ollantaytambo into the mountains, then take a bus up to the site, or you can follow in the footsteps of the Inca and get there by foot following the famous Inca Trail through the mountains and cloud forests. It's not hard to guess which one I was interested in.
For me, the Inca Trail was a bigger draw than Machu Picchu was, and it was a major reason that I went to Peru over some of the other countries in South America. To preserve the area only 500 people (of which only 200 are hikers) are allowed on the trail a day, and you can't do it without going through a group of some sort, so being able to do the hike requires booking months in advance. If you're going to Machu Picchu though, I feel this is the only real way to go.
Like many of my tours, I was doing the hike (and the general trip in Peru) through GAdventures. I really like their immersive, adventure approach to travel, plus they're Canadian. You may have wondered about that 200 of 500 people on the trail being hikers. The other 300 people are porters who literally carry all of the campsites from location to location on their backs. I have a few mixed feelings about it, but it's just the way their system works. The companies employ a lot of the men from local mountain villages, and local laws prohibit tourists from carrying their own things, or setting up any sort of permanent shelters for campers along the way in order to put as much money back into the local economy as possible. We also had two guides for the hike, Henry and Evelyn, who were a blast.
We were doing the classic route of the Inca trail, which is 82km done over 4 or 5 (4 for us) days, starting along the Urubamba River. The first day of the hike is the easiest, as you're covering the least distance and heading upwards at a pretty gentle gradient.
There were a few small settlements along the trail on the first day, but as we went signs of habitation got more and more sparse. Machu Picchu is far from the only Inca ruin in the area, and being able to see and investigate all the other sites along the trail is another big reason why I feel the trail is far better than the train. Some of these ruins we'd only see from the distance, but others we'd be walking right through.
At many of these sites Henry and Evelyn would give little history lessons on the trail and the Inca. One of the things I found interesting is that all of the larger Inca settlements are strung out about 20km apart because they only had llamas for pack animals, and this was the limit of how far they could carry things in one day. I just find it fascinating how the reliance on llamas instead of horses completely changed the organization of the empire. In addition to the education, Henry in particular was something of a character. There were jokes for just about everything, and he greeted each new view by lifting his arms expansively and exclaiming "Welcome to my office!"
By the time we got to the first campsite our porters already had everything set up for us. This became a regular (and slightly embarrassing routine) where we'd set off in the morning, our porters would tear down the campsite behind us, then at some point would go walking/jogging past us their large packs. Then, when we finally would get to the new campsite in the afternoon they'd have everything set up and clap and cheer for each hiker as the made their way in.
The second day was the steepest, longest climb, which suited me just fine. The first day we had all stuck together as a group for the most part, but here things strung out a lot more as people broke off into smaller groups to go at their own paces. Throughout the day we'd take a few breaks to let people catch back up before continuing on. A few people had been hit pretty hard by the altitude, and we just tried to keep everybody encouraged and motivated.
The morning was mostly hiking through forest, but then in the late morning things opened up again. The hardest part of the hike was probably a stretch where you hug the mountains on a steep climb up to a saddle between the mountains that's known as Dead Woman's Pass.
Dead Woman's Pass was the highest point of the hike, and there was a lot of downhill to come. The third day is the really hard downhill section, but we got a taste of what was to come before we got to camp.
The third day had developed the cheery moniker of "The Gringo Killer" for its huge number of very tall, steep steps both up and down. We were also hiking through an area that is almost always submerged in cloud, so there was a persistent drizzle and obscured views for most of the morning. We'd been really lucky with weather so far, and had a lot of great mountain views, so I didn't mind having reduced visibility for awhile. It actually created a really neat effect as things would fade in and out of view as clouds moved around us, giving the trail a very haunting atmosphere.
Visibility continued to come and go through the day, generally as we climbed up above the clouds then dropped back down into them. We did stretches hiking through cloud forest which lived up to the name, but finally, after delicately working our way down all those steep stairs got below the clouds again to get some more nice open views before the end of the day.
Those last two pictures are from a stretch of Inca terracing that was a short detour from our final camp. There were a few llama just grazing in the grass, and apparently the government brought them here to help keep the grass short, since any sort of mechanical maintenance is difficult in such a remote place.
We went to bed early on the third night in preparation for a stealthy middle of the night start. There is a locked checkpoint along the trail just past the third campsite, presumably so people don't sneak into Machu Picchu in the middle of the night and cause trouble. The gate opens at 5am, and then it's only an hour fast hike to Machu Picchu. The problem is that the path is fairly narrow, and if you get caught behind another group you can get pinned back and take much longer to get there. We wanted to get out in front so that we could get there before the other groups and have a clear view for the sunrise. This meant getting up at about 3am and queuing in front of the gate. We were the second group in line, but once the gate finally opened most of our group managed to pass them. It's a hard, steep hike, and we were going at full speed, so it was pretty grueling, even if it was very short compared to our previous days. There is one stretch near the end where you have to climb a set of stairs that is so vertical that it's more of a wall than a staircase. When we finally did get to our target, The Sun Gate, 4 or 5 of our group (including me) were quite a bit ahead of the bulk of the hikers.
The sun gate is aptly named. It's built into a little divot in the surrounding mountains and as the sun rises it shines through and slowly spreads to illuminate all of Machu Picchu. This is another place where often the visibility is not so great, but we again got lucky and had almost a perfect view.
Once the sun had risen we climbed down the rest of the way to check out Machu Picchu. Henry took us around to the important parts of the city, showing us the temples and giving us some more background, then we split off to explore. The crowds were really picking up by this point, which took away from it a little, but it's still an amazing place.
I also took a narrow, cliff-hugging side path off on a short hike to check out the Inca Bridge, which is another wild example of Inca engineering, but not something I'd want to cross these days.
After relaxing and exploring some more we finally took the bus down to the town by the river for some lunch, then took the train back to Ollantaytambo, and then a bus back to Cusco. We were all pretty worn out, but it had been a great hike, and among my favourites of the trip.
For me, the Inca Trail was a bigger draw than Machu Picchu was, and it was a major reason that I went to Peru over some of the other countries in South America. To preserve the area only 500 people (of which only 200 are hikers) are allowed on the trail a day, and you can't do it without going through a group of some sort, so being able to do the hike requires booking months in advance. If you're going to Machu Picchu though, I feel this is the only real way to go.
Like many of my tours, I was doing the hike (and the general trip in Peru) through GAdventures. I really like their immersive, adventure approach to travel, plus they're Canadian. You may have wondered about that 200 of 500 people on the trail being hikers. The other 300 people are porters who literally carry all of the campsites from location to location on their backs. I have a few mixed feelings about it, but it's just the way their system works. The companies employ a lot of the men from local mountain villages, and local laws prohibit tourists from carrying their own things, or setting up any sort of permanent shelters for campers along the way in order to put as much money back into the local economy as possible. We also had two guides for the hike, Henry and Evelyn, who were a blast.
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| Our porter group |
There were a few small settlements along the trail on the first day, but as we went signs of habitation got more and more sparse. Machu Picchu is far from the only Inca ruin in the area, and being able to see and investigate all the other sites along the trail is another big reason why I feel the trail is far better than the train. Some of these ruins we'd only see from the distance, but others we'd be walking right through.
At many of these sites Henry and Evelyn would give little history lessons on the trail and the Inca. One of the things I found interesting is that all of the larger Inca settlements are strung out about 20km apart because they only had llamas for pack animals, and this was the limit of how far they could carry things in one day. I just find it fascinating how the reliance on llamas instead of horses completely changed the organization of the empire. In addition to the education, Henry in particular was something of a character. There were jokes for just about everything, and he greeted each new view by lifting his arms expansively and exclaiming "Welcome to my office!"
By the time we got to the first campsite our porters already had everything set up for us. This became a regular (and slightly embarrassing routine) where we'd set off in the morning, our porters would tear down the campsite behind us, then at some point would go walking/jogging past us their large packs. Then, when we finally would get to the new campsite in the afternoon they'd have everything set up and clap and cheer for each hiker as the made their way in.
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| Our group with our porters and cooks (I'm top right) |
The morning was mostly hiking through forest, but then in the late morning things opened up again. The hardest part of the hike was probably a stretch where you hug the mountains on a steep climb up to a saddle between the mountains that's known as Dead Woman's Pass.
Dead Woman's Pass was the highest point of the hike, and there was a lot of downhill to come. The third day is the really hard downhill section, but we got a taste of what was to come before we got to camp.
The third day had developed the cheery moniker of "The Gringo Killer" for its huge number of very tall, steep steps both up and down. We were also hiking through an area that is almost always submerged in cloud, so there was a persistent drizzle and obscured views for most of the morning. We'd been really lucky with weather so far, and had a lot of great mountain views, so I didn't mind having reduced visibility for awhile. It actually created a really neat effect as things would fade in and out of view as clouds moved around us, giving the trail a very haunting atmosphere.
Visibility continued to come and go through the day, generally as we climbed up above the clouds then dropped back down into them. We did stretches hiking through cloud forest which lived up to the name, but finally, after delicately working our way down all those steep stairs got below the clouds again to get some more nice open views before the end of the day.
Those last two pictures are from a stretch of Inca terracing that was a short detour from our final camp. There were a few llama just grazing in the grass, and apparently the government brought them here to help keep the grass short, since any sort of mechanical maintenance is difficult in such a remote place.
We went to bed early on the third night in preparation for a stealthy middle of the night start. There is a locked checkpoint along the trail just past the third campsite, presumably so people don't sneak into Machu Picchu in the middle of the night and cause trouble. The gate opens at 5am, and then it's only an hour fast hike to Machu Picchu. The problem is that the path is fairly narrow, and if you get caught behind another group you can get pinned back and take much longer to get there. We wanted to get out in front so that we could get there before the other groups and have a clear view for the sunrise. This meant getting up at about 3am and queuing in front of the gate. We were the second group in line, but once the gate finally opened most of our group managed to pass them. It's a hard, steep hike, and we were going at full speed, so it was pretty grueling, even if it was very short compared to our previous days. There is one stretch near the end where you have to climb a set of stairs that is so vertical that it's more of a wall than a staircase. When we finally did get to our target, The Sun Gate, 4 or 5 of our group (including me) were quite a bit ahead of the bulk of the hikers.
The sun gate is aptly named. It's built into a little divot in the surrounding mountains and as the sun rises it shines through and slowly spreads to illuminate all of Machu Picchu. This is another place where often the visibility is not so great, but we again got lucky and had almost a perfect view.
Once the sun had risen we climbed down the rest of the way to check out Machu Picchu. Henry took us around to the important parts of the city, showing us the temples and giving us some more background, then we split off to explore. The crowds were really picking up by this point, which took away from it a little, but it's still an amazing place.
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| Henry and Evelyn, our guides |
I also took a narrow, cliff-hugging side path off on a short hike to check out the Inca Bridge, which is another wild example of Inca engineering, but not something I'd want to cross these days.
